December 11, 2006
All About Steam Humidifiers, aka Vaporizers
Residential Steam Humidifiers
A residential steam humidifier such as the Honeywell’s clean steam humidifier model HE 440A comes with its own water filtration system, essential to prevent residue from building-up in its reservoirs or worse still, on its heating elements. Honeywell’s two-stage filtration unit removes particulates and invisible dissolved solids from the water prior to heating. This reduces the need for regular maintenance by users. Also, an optional filter change indicator, the AirWatch can be used to keep track of the filter changes. For safety purposes, the Honeywell clean steam humidifier comes with low water level shut-off switches and built-in switch protection to prevent overflow and thermal cut-off. The Dri-Steem range of humidifiers, which are produced for commercial purposes, come in many models. One of these models is the Dri-steem Humidifier or Steam-to-Steam Humidifier which creates free from chemical humidification steam from normal boiler steam. This happens when the boiler steam is circulated within a heat exchanger and then transferred to clean water, thus boiling it into the steam phase and therefore creating clean steam. Other dri-steam humidifiers include the Vaporstream Electric humidifier which is industrial grade and can be used with any form of water: tap, de-ionized, softened or RO water. With its Vapor-logic3 controller with temperature sensors and data reports, this steam humidifier is extremely easy to use and is most ideal for busy owners.
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The Need For Humidity
When the air in your home is too dry, it provides a conducive atmosphere for bacteria and virus to thrive, because of which you can get health problems such as allergies, asthma, dry skin and hair etc. In addition to this, dry air can also harm your fixtures and flooring as it tends to suck out the moisture from the wood, leaving it warped and deformed. But now, help is at hand in the form of humidifiers, including furnace humidifiers.
A Furnace Humidifier: What Is It?
If you want to put a humidifier in your home, you can either get a whole house humidifier or individual room humidifiers. A whole house humidifier is one which is usually attached to your heating and cooling systems, thus providing humid air through vents and ducts to all parts of your house. A furnace humidifier is a type of whole house humidifier. Furnace humidifiers are those which mount onto the furnace in your home. These humidifiers can either be flow through furnace humidifiers, or forced hot air furnace systems. Both these types of devices can effectively increase the humidity of the air in your home, thus easing all the problems as mentioned previously. Because of innovations in technology and increased understanding of humidifier systems, you can now get furnace humidifiers that can practically run themselves. Such humidifiers are connected to the water supply in your home and thus do not require constant re-filling. They are very easy to maintain and once you install such units (a job that requires just a couple of hours); you can rest easy in the increased comfort levels in your house.
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Baby Humidifier Overview
Baby humidifiers, designed for nurseries, are portable and usually placed on the nightstands. They produce a light mist by ultrasonic technology. They also have ionizers producing anions - negative ions – that are natural cleansers. The anions combine with the positive ions of dust, dander, bacteria, pollen, mold, smoke, chemical vapors, and other allergens. This way they provide your baby with clean fresh air to breathe. Baby humidifiers need to be extra silent for your baby to have an undisturbed sleep. Some models are made of clear plastic allowing you to monitor the water quantity in the reservoir. A variable control allows you to monitor the mist outflow, thereby regulating humidity levels. Different models allow different run times between water refilling. Some have filters with antimicrobial protection. Some baby humidifiers come with a night-light and an aromatizer for herbs or menthol, which works as an air freshener. For the comfort and health of your baby, ensure that you install a baby humidifier in the nursery.
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Cool Mist Humidifiers: What Are They?
The simplest explanation of a cool mist humidifier is that it releases a spray of cool mist into indoor air. It can do that in one of two ways. Some cool mist humidifiers have a moisturized or wet pad, behind which there is a fan. This fan helps to push air through the wet pad, thus resulting in humid air entering the room. Some cool mist humidifiers contain rotating disks, which help to break up the water in the unit into cool water vapor, which is then passed into the indoor air, thereby increasing its moisture content. Cool mist humidifiers are great for use in places where it is very hot. With high outdoor temperatures, you sure do not want to make your indoor air hot too! Thus, by buying a cool mist humidifier, you can ensure increased humidity as well as cooler temperatures. Here are some things that you should bear in mind when choosing a cool mist humidifier.
- Whole house or room humidifier: If dry air is a problem in your entire home, you should go in for a whole house cool mist humidifier. On the other hand, if you want to use a humidifier for a particular area in your house, then you should look to buy a portable or multi-room cool mist humidifier.
- Size of the humidifier: The size of the cool mist humidifier can only be determined by knowing the area of the room you wish to place it in. Most cool mist humidifiers have the capacity to humidify rooms up to a particular area. Thus, the only way to ensure proper humidification is to buy a correctly sized cool mist humidifier.
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Console humidifiers – An Overview
These humidifiers use the cool mist or evaporative technology. Water in a reservoir is drawn into the filter in a wicking action. A fan blows the water in the filter, which emerges in a form of mist. These types of humidifiers will slightly cool the air and so are useful in the hot climates. Filters are required to be cleaned regularly and changed about two to three times every season, depending on the usage. Failure to clean the filters will lead to growth of mold and mildew. When not in use, it is advisable to drain all the water from the reservoir, as stagnant water encourages breeding of bacteria. Check whether the size of the console humidifier you have selected is appropriate for the area you want to humidify. High humidity can cause as much problem as low humidity. Recommended humidity levels would ideally be between 30 to 50 percent.
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CPAP Humidifier Types
This is where the best CPAP humidifiers come into the picture to help alleviate dryness and banish sleepless nights. There are two types of CPAP humidifiers available: the passover and the heated humidifiers.
- Passover humidifiers work by allowing air to pass over the water surface within the humidifier in order to gain humidity before going through the tubing into the nasal mask, thus creating instant humidification.
- Alternatively, the CPAP heated humidifier warms up the air flow to a pre-set temperature before passing through the nasal mask. CPAP heated humidifiers are more suited for people with sinuses and nasal dryness than passovers, as heat is added into the equation. It is a fact that warm air is capable of carrying more moisture than cold air and thus works better in humidifying nasal pathways.
Some of the best CPAP humidifiers feature extraordinary systems by increasing humidifying effectiveness and tackling irritation problems faced by CPAP patients. The Velocity II CPAP Heated Humidifier uses a vortex-creating system to increase the interaction between water and air by prolonging contact time between the two phases. This flow pattern will increase humidity output even at low heat settings and allows little room for back-pressure to occur. One of the best CPAP humidifiers around is the Fisher&Paykel HC150 Heater Humidifier which completely diminishes the problem of annoying gurgling noises through their patented Ambient Tracking system. This system automatically adjusts the temperature of its heating plate according to room temperature changes, thus minimizing condensation and maximizing the desired effect of humidification.
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Decorative Humidifier Overview
These humidifiers look more like lovely decorative pieces than humidifiers. They produce mist through ultrasonic means and also generate anions – ions with negative charge – through a process of ionizing. The anions are released into the room and attract the positively charged atoms of dust, dander, bacteria, pollen, mold, smoke, chemical vapors, and other allergens. Using the technology of ultrasonic atomization, it converts the clean water into mist and along with anions, mist is released into the room for humidification. Some decorative humidifier models come with soft colorful lights that change colors every few seconds, creating a sense of fantasy. Water is converted ultrasonically into mist and along with anions are released into the environment. The submersed waterproof colorful lamps lend a hypnotic and mysterious aura to the rising mist before it is dispersed for humidification. Some humidifiers have an aromatizer for adding herbs, menthol and similar additives to add to the soothing atmosphere. This also works wonderfully as an air freshener. Decorative humidifiers, with their soft colorful look and soothing atmosphere help de-stress your environment with their diffused lighting and aesthetics.
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- Steam humidifiers. Also known as vaporizers, they release steam by boiling water.
- Warm mist humidifiers. Similar to vaporizers but allow the steam to cool down and release as warm mist.
- Evaporative or cool mist humidifiers. These have a fan that blows moisture into the room as cool mist.
- Ultrasonic humidifiers. These have a mechanism to break water into humid vapors, through vibration, and release the vapors into the air.
- Impeller humidifiers. These have a rotating disc that throws the water onto a diffuser that breaks it into fine droplets, which float into the air.
Evaporative Humidifiers – An Overview
These are the most common of all the humidifiers. They consist of a reservoir, a wick and a fan. A reservoir is a tank, common to all humidifiers, containing water, which is filled before humidification. Depending on the model, the reservoirs are of different shape and size. The wick is a filter that absorbs the water from the reservoir. Water from the filter is evaporated by the blowing of the fan on it. Water evaporation is dependant on the relative humidity of the room. Lower the humidity, higher the evaporation and vice-versa. Depending on usage, filters are changed every three months. Evaporative humidifiers come with a humidistat that controls and regulates humidity in the room. The fine atomized mist does not overly soak everything and does not leave traces of mist on the windows. The humidifier's automatic humidistat prevents the room from being over humidified. Over humidification can lead to growth of mold.
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Germ Free Humidifier Overview
Warm mist germ free humidifiers use a dual process that includes ultraviolet light (to sterilize water) and vaporizing (to create mist) to deliver germ-free mist to your homes. The ultraviolet light is an effective way of killing germs instantaneously and is more efficient than just plain boiling. The germ free water is then vaporized as mist. This warm mist lends a soothing atmosphere to your room relieving symptoms of colds, allergies, other respiratory conditions, soothing dry lips, parched throat, and chapped skin. Cool mist germ free humidifiers use the process of ultra violet light to sterilize water, effectively getting rid of germs in the reservoir. A filter then absorbs the water and is evaporated by blowing of the fan on it. The fine atomized mist blows all over the room making your living environment comfortable. Water evaporation is dependant on the relative humidity of the room. All these humidifiers come with automatic humidistats to regulate humidity. The choice of cool mist or warm mist germ free humidifier depends on your requirements, but is ideal for those who are concerned about germ-free and bacteria-free environment. The humidifiers need to be cleaned regularly. The filters are changed, depending on usage, 2 – 3 times a season. The ultra violet light bulb needs to be changed every 1 – 2 years.
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Industrial Humidifier Overview
Conventional steam humidifiers boil water, using electrical or gas-fired heaters, and release steam into the air. The three basic types of steam humidifiers are the live steam, liquid-to-steam and the steam-to-steam systems of industrial humidifiers. Humidifiers with ultrasonic devices create micro droplets of water and in some systems special nozzles are used to discharge a mist of atomized water along with compressed air. Industrial humidifiers vary in terms of features. Features include, among others, an integral control panel, remote controls, self-contained water demineralization or cleaning, built-in diagnostics, temperature sensors, and so on. To increase output capacity, different modules can be linked together. Industrial humidifiers can be free standing, portable, wall or ceiling mounted or fixed to existing air handling systems. Remote humidifying systems use steam piped in from another location. Another type of industrial humidifier is the centrifugal type, which has various industrial applications in greenhouses, mushroom cultivation, vegetables cultivation, tobacco industry and residences, to name a few. These humidifiers are connected directly to cold water supply and deliver mist where required. These come with an option of humidistats to control humidification. These humidifiers negate the need of compressors, pumps, nozzles, drainage pipes, high maintenance and heavy power consumption. Depending on your application and requirement there is a multitude of industrial humidifiers available.
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Personal Humidifier Examples
A good example is the Kaz cool mist ultrasonic humidifier which is ultra quiet, easy to clean, does not require the use of a filter also does not pose any threats of mold growth problems. This 4-lb personal humidifier which is perfectly designed for the traveler comes with stylish features for easier packing into small bags, a water bottle adaptor which can fit a 2-liter bottle for more convenient use (in place of its bigger blue tank), and a capacity to support 10 hour operations. Therefore, this humidifier which comes with a 1-year warranty is a good choice for those with respiratory sicknesses. For a more personalized effect, the tanks are available in blue, green or purple. Another personal portable humidifier which is even smaller is the MiniAire Humidifier, which weighs just less than 1 lb and can easily fit right on your palm! It works by alleviating dryness from small rooms like an office and therefore makes for a perfect gift. The MiniAire Humidifier is also equipped with a DC adaptor for vehicle use just by simply plugging it into the car’s cigarette lighter. Aptly named, this personal portable humidifier targets your immediate breathing zone for a more personal and effective relief. Its ionic water filter which contains antibacterial features requires minimal maintenance. However, users are advised to wash the filter in the dishwasher every three days in order to maintain year-long quality. To sum it all up, this personal has an automated shut-off feature that works to protect its electrical circuits and ultrasonic vibrating parts. Finally, its exteriors which are made from ABS plastic give it a corrosion resistant advantage.
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Caring for Portable Humidifiers
Like all other humidifiers, portable units need to be regularly cleaned too. It is advisable to empty out the left over water after every use, and clean and disinfect the reservoir. Cool mist humidifiers do not boil water and so bacteria are not killed. Rather, they accumulate and multiply in stagnant water. Restarting the humidifier with this water will cause bacteria to infect the air in your home.
Things to do when using portable humidifiers:
- Daily empty and wash the reservoir with soapy water.
- Rinse under running water taking care water does not get into the motor.
- Fill reservoir up to the appropriate level.
- On a weekly basis empty and wash the reservoir with soapy water.
- After rinsing, add 2 cups white vinegar and enough water to the reservoir to enable the humidifier to create a mist.
- Run the humidifier, in a well-ventilated area, for 30 minutes.
- Rinse the reservoir again.
- Run the humidifier for a few minutes on tap water.
- Remove this water and refill the reservoir up to the appropriate level.
You can use tap or distilled water in your humidifier, though the latter is preferred. Use of water with low mineral content will prevent build-up of scale and dispersal of minerals into the air. Various portable cool mists, vaporizing or ultrasonic humidifiers are on the market. Portable humidifiers are economical, operate noiselessly, and are easy to use.
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Room Humidifier Types
There are many different types of room humidifiers in the current market.
- Permanent or installed units have to be built-in with furnaces and equipped with ductworks in order for air to be regulated throughout the house.
- Portable room humidifiers on the other hand, can be placed on top of tables or on the floors to produce moisture for smaller rooms like the bedroom or offices.
Generally, room humidifiers are differentiated by their ‘output’ and ‘capacity’; the output is rated in 24-hour periods and is an indicator of how big an area the humidifier is capable of humidifying. Alternatively, the capacity level indicates the volume of water which the humidifier is capable of holding before refills in the tanks are needed or the next humidification cycle.
Humidifier Technologies
There are several main technologies used in room air humidifiers today:
- evaporative – which utilizes the natural process of evaporation to induce cool moisture, which is then filtered before being fanned out into the room;
- ultrasonic – humidifiers which utilizes ultrasonic sound to induce vibrations in the water ultimately breaking up the water and creating cool invisible mists;
- vaporizer or steam – these boil water and send the steam into the air to humidify dry and cold rooms;
- and finally the impeller – which utilizes motor powered centrifugal forces to spin moisture into the air to form cool mists.
Each type of has its pros and cons in terms of usage, maintenance, care and convenience, but they all serve a single purpose of providing moisture into the air and making life more comfortable for the household.
Maintenance of Room Humidifiers
Proper maintenance comes in the form of cleaning, sanitizing and disinfecting humidifier tanks and filters to prevent bacterial and mold growth. Filters should be changed every 2 to 4 months depending on each brand. Cleaning is also essential in clearing mineral sediments or ‘white dust’ that comes from hard water. Latest room humidifier designs are equipped with ionic antibacterial features that appeal much to the customers. Other important features would include automatic shut-off mechanisms, which may soon become more of a necessary safety element rather than just another attribute.
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Warm Mist Humidifiers Explained
Those who want to purchase a humidifier for their home, can choose from different technologies used in humidifies, the main ones being cool mist humidifiers, vaporizers, evaporative humidifiers, ultrasonic humidifiers, and warm mist humidifiers. A warm mist humidifier is one where the unit has a mechanism, whereby the water in the humidifier is brought to a boil. Once the water has boiled, it is left to become slightly cooler, after which the warm water is released into the air as a warm mist, thus the name warm mist humidifier. A vaporizer is a kind of warm mist humidifier, with the only difference being that in a vaporizer, the water is not allowed to cool, and the steam from the boiled water is immediately released into the indoor air.
Benefits Of A Warm Mist Humidifier
- As the water used in a warm mist humidifier is boiled, this ensures that all the germs and bacteria present in the water are destroyed. As a result, only the cleanest water, and consequently moisture, is let into the indoor air in your home, thus ensuring that you breathe in air that is pure and properly humidified.
- When the weather outside is too cold, a warm-mist humidifier holds double benefits. In addition to increasing the humidity of the dry winter air, such a humidifier also helps to increase the temperature of the air slightly, thus giving you added warmth and comfort.
- Warm mist humidifiers are typically less noisy than cool mist ones and are hence perfect for those who desire silently functioning appliances.
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An Ultra Sonic Humidifier: What Is It?
In an ultra sonic humidifier, there is a mechanism because of which ultrasonic vibrations are created in the unit. These vibrations are so strong that they help to break the water in the humidifier into tiny droplets, usually so small that the water is converted into a fine mist. This mist is then released into the air, thus increasing its humidity levels. Ultra sonic humidifiers are available as either whole house humidifiers, portable humidifiers or console humidifiers. You can choose one depending on whether you want to humidify your full house or just some portion of it.
Pros Of An Ultrasonic Humidifier
- As these humidifiers use vibrations of very high frequency, it is believed that along with the water, even harmful microorganisms are broken up and thus rendered harmless. As a result, the air that enters your home is free from pollutants and safe to breathe.
- Ultra sonic humidifiers do not make the water hot and the mist that is released is cool. Thus, such humidifiers are generally more comfortable that warm mist ones when the weather is very hot.
- Most ultra sonic humidifiers have humidifier filters which help to trap the minerals and dir present in water, hence making the air cleaner and reducing the occurrence of white dust.
Cons Of Ultra Sonic Humidifiers
- Such humidifiers may produce white dust if the filter is not cleaned regularly and replaced when required. Although this can be a big problem, it can easily be taken care of by maintaining your filter properly.
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